:root{--ink:#202d3a;--muted:#596773;--green:#086953;--line:#e1e6e9;--paper:#fff;--side:#fff;--header:92px;--sidebar:316px}
*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-padding-top:110px}
body{margin:0;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper);font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,"Malgun Gothic",sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a{color:var(--green);text-decoration:none}
a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
a,button,summary{touch-action:manipulation}
a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #ba743b;outline-offset:4px}
.skip{position:fixed;top:-100px;z-index:9;background:white;padding:15px}
.skip:focus{top:8px}
.header{position:fixed;inset:0 0 auto;height:var(--header);z-index:4;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding:14px 28px;background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;color:var(--ink);font-size:20px;font-weight:750;white-space:nowrap}
.brand img{width:40px;height:40px}
.brand small{display:block;font-size:11px;font-weight:450;letter-spacing:.015em;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8}
.header nav{display:flex;gap:25px;font-size:14px}
.header nav a{padding:12px 0}
.preview{color:#786442;font-size:11px;background:#f5efd9;padding:5px 9px;border-radius:5px}
.toc{position:fixed;inset:var(--header) auto 0 0;width:var(--sidebar);overflow-y:auto;background:var(--side);border-right:1px solid var(--line);padding:24px 18px 35px;scrollbar-width:thin}
.toc-heading{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--muted);margin:0 12px 18px}
.toc .toc-home{display:block;padding:12px;font-size:14px;font-weight:650}
.toc section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:16px 0 8px}
.toc h2{font-size:14px;margin:0 12px 10px}
.toc ol{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}
.toc li a{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:10px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;padding:8px 12px;border-radius:5px;color:#4c615b}
.toc .num{font-size:10px;color:#83978e;min-width:20px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.toc a[aria-current=page]{background:#dfebe0;color:#145b45;font-weight:750;border-left:3px solid #126a55;padding-left:9px}
main{margin-left:var(--sidebar);padding:calc(var(--header) + 38px) 52px 60px;min-width:0}
.reading{max-width:800px;margin:0 auto}
.breadcrumbs{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 30px}
.eyebrow{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.16em;color:var(--green);font-weight:700;margin:0 0 14px}
h1{font-size:36px;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:-.04em;word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:anywhere;margin:0 0 22px}
.intro{font-size:19px;line-height:2;color:#425b50;border-left:3px solid #91b89c;padding-left:20px;margin:0 0 26px}
.meta{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 33px}
.on-page{border-block:1px solid var(--line);padding:19px 0;margin-bottom:40px;font-size:13px}
.on-page strong{display:block;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:10px}
.on-page ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 20px;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}
.prose{font-size:18px;line-height:2;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.prose p{margin:0 0 31px}
.prose h2{font-size:24px;line-height:1.6;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:56px 0 27px;word-break:keep-all}
.prose h3{font-size:19px;line-height:1.7;margin:34px 0 20px}
.prose li{margin:12px 0}
.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:25px}
.prose a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}
.example{background:#fff;border-left:3px solid #87a786;padding:24px;margin:28px 0}
.example .tag{display:block;color:#5f775d;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.06em;margin-bottom:10px}
.example p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.notice{background:#fff;border:1px solid #e8d8b8;padding:20px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.9;margin:28px 0}
.table-wrap{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;margin:28px 0}
table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:520px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.9}
th,td{text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:14px 16px}
th{background:var(--side)}
pre{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;padding:20px;background:var(--side);line-height:1.8;font-size:14px}
details.faq{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:16px 0}
details.faq summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:650;font-size:17px}
details.faq p{font-size:17px;margin:18px 0}
.sources{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:24px;margin-top:52px}
.sources li{margin:14px 0}
.sources small{display:block;color:var(--muted)}
.pager{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:14px;margin:52px 0 24px}
.pager a{padding:20px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:6px;line-height:1.8;font-size:15px}
.pager small{display:block;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px}
.pager a:last-child{text-align:right}
.first{font-size:13px}
.footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:50px;padding-top:25px;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.9}
.footer nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 19px}
.footer p{margin-top:18px}
.hero h1{max-width:650px;font-size:44px}
.hero .intro{border:0;padding:0;max-width:620px}
.topic-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px;margin:30px 0 44px}
.topic-card{padding:25px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:6px;min-width:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;background:#fff}
.topic-card small{color:#688375;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.08em}
.topic-card strong{font-size:21px}
.topic-card p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.topic-card span{font-size:12px;padding-top:9px}
.directory li{padding:16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);list-style:none}
.directory{padding:0!important}
.directory a{font-weight:600}
.directory p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);margin:6px 0 0}
.ad-unit{width:100%;max-width:100%;min-width:0;min-height:280px;margin:44px 0;padding:12px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.ad-label{margin:0 0 12px;color:#6b726e;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:.08em;text-align:center}
.ad-unit ins.adsbygoogle{display:block;min-width:0}
.ad-placeholder{display:grid;place-items:center;min-height:250px;padding:20px;background:#f7f8f7;border:1px dashed #bbc5bf;color:#68736c;font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;text-align:center}
button{font:inherit;cursor:pointer}
.toc-controls{display:none}
#close-toc{display:none}
.calculator{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:25px}
.calculator label{display:block;font-size:15px;margin:15px 0}
.calculator input{display:block;width:100%;max-width:300px;min-height:44px;padding:10px;border:1px solid #becdc0;font:inherit}
.calculator button{padding:12px 20px;background:var(--green);color:#fff;border:0;border-radius:4px}
.calculator output{display:block;line-height:1.9;font-size:16px;margin-top:20px}
.calc-note{font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.9}
.home-note{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:22px;color:var(--muted)}

@media(max-width:1050px){main{padding-left:30px;padding-right:30px}
.header nav{gap:15px}
.preview{display:none}
}

@media(max-width:800px){:root{--header:124px}
.header{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;grid-template-rows:50px 42px;gap:6px 10px;padding:12px 18px}
.brand{font-size:17px;gap:9px}
.brand img{width:32px;height:32px}
.brand small{font-size:9px}
.header nav{grid-column:1/-1;gap:0;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12px}
.header nav a{min-height:40px;display:flex;align-items:center}
.toc-controls{display:block}
.toc-controls button{padding:10px;background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--line);font-size:12px;min-height:42px;border-radius:4px}
.toc{display:none;position:relative;inset:auto;width:auto;max-height:65vh;margin:calc(var(--header) + 16px) 18px 0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:6px;padding:22px 12px}
.toc.is-open{display:block}
.toc-heading{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}
.toc-heading #close-toc{display:block;min-height:40px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:white;padding:8px;font-size:12px}
main{margin-left:0;padding:calc(var(--header) + 26px) 18px 40px}
.toc.is-open+main{padding-top:26px}
html{scroll-padding-top:145px}
h1{font-size:28px;line-height:1.55;margin-bottom:22px}
.hero h1{font-size:31px}
.intro{font-size:18px;line-height:2;padding-left:16px;margin-bottom:25px}
.breadcrumbs{font-size:11px;margin-bottom:24px}
.prose{font-size:18px;line-height:2}
.prose h2{font-size:23px;margin-top:56px;margin-bottom:27px}
.on-page ul{display:block}
.on-page li{margin:10px 0}
.topic-grid{gap:12px}
.topic-card{padding:19px 14px;gap:8px}
.topic-card strong{font-size:18px}
.topic-card p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.9}
.example{padding:21px 18px}
.notice{padding:18px}
.pager{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}
.pager a:last-child{text-align:left}
.sources{font-size:13px}
.ad-unit{margin:36px 0}
.calculator{padding:22px 17px}
}

@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}
}


/* White editorial design, enlarged for comfortable Korean reading. */
.header{gap:24px;padding:16px 28px;background:#fff}

.brand{font-size:22px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-.04em}
.brand:hover{text-decoration:none}
.brand small{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin-top:2px}

.header nav{font-size:16px;gap:28px}
.header nav a{color:#374957}
.preview{font-size:12px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#63707a}

.toc{padding:28px 16px 40px;background:#fff;scrollbar-color:#cbd4d9 #fff}
.toc-heading{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.6}
.toc .toc-home{font-size:16px;font-weight:700}
.toc section{padding:22px 0 14px}
.toc h2{font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;color:#253b49}
.toc li a{font-size:16px;line-height:1.75;padding:10px 14px;color:#465764;word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.toc li a:hover{background:#f5f7f8;text-decoration:none}
.toc .num{font-size:11px}
.toc a[aria-current=page]{background:#edf5f1;color:#075c48;border-left:0;box-shadow:inset 3px 0 #086953}

main{padding:calc(var(--header) + 48px) 56px 64px}
.reading{max-width:840px}
.breadcrumbs{font-size:14px;margin-bottom:32px}
.eyebrow{font-size:14px;line-height:1.7;letter-spacing:.035em;margin-bottom:16px}

h1{font-size:38px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:-.045em;margin-bottom:28px}
.intro{font-size:21px;line-height:1.95;color:#374955;border-color:#92b5a9;padding-left:22px;margin-bottom:30px}
.meta{font-size:14px;margin-bottom:36px}

.on-page{font-size:16px;line-height:1.9;padding:22px 0;margin-bottom:44px}
.on-page strong{font-size:15px;margin-bottom:12px}
.on-page ul{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:8px 24px}

.prose{font-size:20px;line-height:2}
.prose p{margin-bottom:32px}
.prose h2{font-size:28px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:64px 0 28px}
.prose h3{font-size:23px;margin:38px 0 22px}
.prose li{margin:14px 0}

.example{border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:3px solid #729b8c;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;padding:28px;margin:32px 0}
.example .tag{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.8;margin-bottom:14px;color:var(--muted)}
.notice{border-color:#d9dfda;border-left:3px solid #8f957e;padding:24px;font-size:17px}
.source-inline{white-space:nowrap;font-size:.85em}

table{font-size:17px}
pre{font-size:16px}
details.faq{padding:22px 0}
details.faq summary{font-size:20px;line-height:1.8}
details.faq p{font-size:20px;margin:22px 0 6px}
.sources{font-size:16px;padding-top:28px;margin-top:56px}
.sources h2{font-size:23px}
.sources li{margin:18px 0}
.sources small{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9;margin-top:6px}

.pager{gap:18px;margin:56px 0 26px}
.pager a{padding:24px;font-size:18px;font-weight:600;border-radius:7px}
.pager a:hover{background:#f8faf9;text-decoration:none;border-color:#9bbbad}
.pager small{font-size:14px;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:5px}
.first{font-size:16px}

.footer{margin-top:64px;padding-top:30px;font-size:14px}
.footer nav{gap:12px 22px;font-size:15px}
.footer p{margin-top:22px}
.hero{padding:8px 0 12px}
.hero h1{max-width:700px;font-size:48px;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.055em}
.hero .intro{max-width:740px;margin-top:28px}

.topic-grid{gap:20px;margin:20px 0 48px}
.topic-card{padding:30px;border-color:#dbe3e7;border-radius:8px;gap:13px;background:#fff;transition:border-color .15s ease,box-shadow .15s ease}
.topic-card:hover{border-color:#83aa9b;box-shadow:0 4px 18px #1a3a2a08;text-decoration:none}
.topic-card small{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:0}
.topic-card strong{font-size:25px;letter-spacing:-.035em;color:#173e36}
.topic-card p{font-size:17px;line-height:1.85}
.topic-card span{font-size:15px;padding-top:8px;margin-top:auto}
.directory li{padding:22px 0}
.directory p{font-size:18px;margin-top:10px}
.home-note{font-size:17px;padding-top:28px}
.home-note strong{color:var(--ink)}

.calculator{border-radius:8px;padding:28px;background:#fff}
.calculator label{font-size:18px;line-height:1.8;margin:18px 0}
.calculator input{max-width:340px;min-height:50px;margin-top:6px;padding:12px;border-color:#bfcbd2;border-radius:4px;background:#fff}
.calculator button{padding:14px 24px;min-height:50px;border-radius:5px;font-size:18px}
.calculator output{font-size:19px;line-height:1.95;margin-top:24px}
.calc-note{font-size:16px!important}

@media(max-width:1120px){main{padding-left:36px;padding-right:36px}
.header nav{gap:20px}
.preview{display:none}
.brand small{font-size:11px}
}

@media(max-width:800px){:root{--header:128px}
.header{grid-template-rows:50px 44px;gap:6px 10px;padding:14px 18px}
.brand{font-size:19px;gap:9px}
.brand small{display:none}
.header nav{font-size:14px;gap:0}
.header nav a{min-height:44px}
.toc-controls button{font-size:14px;min-height:44px;padding:10px 12px;border-radius:5px;color:#29434e}
.toc{padding:22px 12px;margin:calc(var(--header) + 18px) 18px 0;background:#fff}
.toc-heading{margin-inline:10px;gap:12px}
.toc-heading #close-toc{font-size:14px;min-height:44px;border-radius:4px;padding:8px 10px;white-space:nowrap}
.toc li a{font-size:17px;padding-block:12px}
.toc h2{font-size:17px}
main{padding:calc(var(--header) + 30px) 20px 48px}
.toc.is-open+main{padding-top:28px}
html{scroll-padding-top:150px}
h1{font-size:32px;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:28px}
.hero h1{font-size:36px}
.intro{font-size:20px;line-height:2;padding-left:18px;margin-bottom:28px}
.breadcrumbs{font-size:13px;margin-bottom:28px}
.prose{font-size:20px;line-height:2}
.prose h2{font-size:27px;margin-top:58px}
.on-page ul{display:block}
.on-page{font-size:17px}
.on-page li{margin:12px 0}
.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px;margin-top:14px}
.topic-card{padding:26px;gap:12px}
.topic-card strong{font-size:24px}
.topic-card p{font-size:18px;line-height:1.85}
.topic-card small{font-size:14px}
.topic-card span{font-size:16px}
.example{padding:24px 20px}
.notice{padding:22px 18px}
.pager{gap:14px}
.sources{font-size:16px}
.calculator{padding:24px 20px}
.home-note{font-size:18px}
}

@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.topic-card{transition:none}
}

.intro,.prose{word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:break-word}
.quick-action{font-size:18px;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 32px}.quick-action a{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;padding:6px 0}
/* Final body scale: 16px, with generous mobile rhythm. */
.prose,.intro{font-size:16px;line-height:2}
.prose p{margin-bottom:30px}
h1{font-size:36px}.prose h2{font-size:25px;margin:56px 0 24px}.prose h3{font-size:21px;margin:36px 0 20px}
.toc li a,.toc h2,.toc .toc-home{font-size:18px}.toc-heading{font-size:16px}
.on-page{font-size:16px;line-height:2}.on-page strong{font-size:16px}
.meta{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}.breadcrumbs{font-size:14px}.eyebrow{font-size:14px}
details.faq summary,details.faq p{font-size:16px;line-height:2}details.faq{padding:22px 0}
.notice,.directory p,.calculator label,.calculator input,.calculator output,.calculator button,.quick-action{font-size:16px;line-height:2}
.sources{font-size:16px;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal}.sources small,.calc-note{font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.9}
.pager a{font-size:18px}.pager small,.first{font-size:15px}.footer,.footer nav{font-size:14px}
.topic-card p,.home-note{font-size:16px;line-height:2}.topic-card strong{font-size:25px}.topic-card small,.topic-card span{font-size:15px}
.header nav{font-size:16px}.example .tag{font-size:14px}
/* Keep primary navigation readable when another element occupies header space. */
.header>.brand{flex:0 0 auto}
.header>.brand>img{flex-shrink:0}
.header>nav{flex:0 0 auto;flex-wrap:nowrap}
.header>nav>a{flex:0 0 auto;white-space:nowrap}
@media(max-width:800px){
 .prose,.intro{font-size:16px;line-height:2}
 .prose p{margin-bottom:32px}.prose li{margin:14px 0}
 main{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}
 h1{font-size:28px;line-height:1.55}.prose h2{font-size:23px;line-height:1.6;margin:52px 0 24px}.prose h3{font-size:20px;line-height:1.7;margin:34px 0 20px}
 .intro{padding-left:16px;margin-bottom:28px}.on-page{font-size:16px}.on-page li{margin:12px 0}
 details.faq summary,details.faq p,.notice,.directory p{font-size:16px;line-height:2}
 .example,.calculator{padding:24px 20px}.example .tag{margin-bottom:16px}
 .topic-card p,.home-note{font-size:16px;line-height:2}.topic-card strong{font-size:24px}
 .header nav,.toc-controls button{font-size:15px}.sources{font-size:16px}.pager a{font-size:18px}
}
.source-inline{font-size:1em}table{font-size:16px}

/* Whole-site navigation stays separate from this article's section links. */
.toc-group{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:14px 0}
.toc-group summary{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;cursor:pointer;min-height:48px;padding:10px 12px;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.65;color:#253b49;list-style:none}
.toc-group summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.toc-group summary::after{content:'+';margin-left:auto;color:var(--green)}
.toc-group[open]>summary::after{content:'−'}
.toc-count{font-size:13px;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}
.toc-current-label{font-size:12px;font-weight:500;color:var(--green);padding:2px 6px;background:#edf5f1;border-radius:3px}
.guide-actions{margin:0 0 40px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8}
.guide-actions>strong{display:block;margin-bottom:14px;font-weight:600;color:#374955}
.guide-actions>div{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}
.guide-actions a{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding:12px 16px;min-height:48px;border:1px solid #c6d8d0;border-radius:6px;color:#075b46;background:#fff;font-weight:600}
.guide-actions a:hover{background:#f4f8f6;border-color:#83aa9b;text-decoration:none}
.pager a strong{font-size:18px;font-weight:650}
.pager-description{display:block;margin-top:10px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8;font-weight:400;color:#596773;word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:break-word}
.article-cover{margin:0 0 40px;max-width:660px}
.article-cover img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:3/2;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--line)}
/* Upper display units reserve the exact inline size without clipping creative content. */
.ad-unit .ad-frame{margin-inline:auto;min-width:0}
.ad-inarticle .ad-frame{width:100%;min-height:250px}
.ad-display{min-height:0;padding:10px 0;margin:32px 0 44px}
.ad-display .ad-label{margin-bottom:8px;font-size:12px;line-height:18px}
.ad-top-display{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:36px}
.has-manual-ads .article-header .meta{margin-bottom:0}
.ad-display .ad-placeholder{width:100%;height:100%;min-height:0;padding:6px 10px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5}
.ad-inarticle .ad-placeholder{min-height:250px}
/* A confirmed unfilled unit keeps its reserved space to avoid moving visible text. */
.ad-unit:has(ins.adsbygoogle[data-ad-status="unfilled"]) .ad-label{visibility:hidden}
@media(max-width:800px){
 .toc{max-height:min(65vh,calc(100dvh - var(--header) - 36px));overscroll-behavior:contain;padding:0 12px 18px}
 .toc-heading{position:sticky;top:0;background:#fff;z-index:2;padding:12px;margin:0 -12px 8px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
 .toc-group{padding:8px 0}
 .toc-group summary{padding:12px 10px}
 .toc-group[open]>summary{position:sticky;top:69px;background:#fff;z-index:1}
 .toc-controls button{font-weight:650;border-color:#a8c1b6;color:#075b46;min-width:96px}
 .guide-actions{margin-bottom:36px}
 .guide-actions>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}
 .guide-actions a{padding:13px 16px}
 .pager-description{font-size:16px;line-height:1.9}
}